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Django 学习

· 4 min read
小卡
小卡
大家好，这里是好学爱摸鱼的小卡！

Django 学习

使用Django表格​

 

使用Django view 视图​

polls/views.py 将视图绑定到url链接 polls/urls.py

使用Django template​

创建index.html文件 polls/template/polls/index.html

return HttpResponse(template.render(context, request))

return render(request, 'polls/index.html', context)

  • context is a dictionary

polls/templates/polls/detail.html

Raising 404​

get_object_or_404()

Template system​

Tags: if, for, url

使用API操作数据库​

python manage.py shell 数据显示为Object 在models.py中使用__str__方法： def str(self): return self.textField 这个很重要，这不仅帮助在shell中显示，同时也帮助在数据库管理后台的显示优化。

增加自定义方法​

polls/models.py

使用Django数据库后台​

创建管理员用户 python manage.py createsuperuser 将子应用模型注册到数据库后台中 polls/admin.py

搭建数据库并且连接​

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/intro/tutorial02/

已安装的应用​

数据库迁移​

python manage.py migrate

创建数据库模型​

polls/models.py

  • 创建数据库架构模型

  • 创建可访问模型数据的API

将子应用Polls安装到项目应用列表中​

mysite/settings.py::INSTALLED_APPS python manage.py makemigrations polls python manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001 -> view mysql codes to run python manage.py migrate

创建项目子应用​

python manage.py startapp polls 生成应用结构 polls/ init.py admin.py apps.py migrations/ init.py models.py tests.py views.py

创建view​

polls/views.py

创建子应用url配置文件 对接 url请求与view的关系​

polls/urls.py

将子应用的rul配置加入根目录的url配置文件中​

mysite/urls.py

检查是否安装django​

python -m django --version django中具有自己的scripts，包括startproject, startapp等。

创建新的projet​

django-admin startproject mysite 生成的项目结构： mysite/ manage.py mysite/ init.py settings.py urls.py asgi.py wsgi.py 文件说明：

  • The outer mysite/ root directory is a container for your project. Its name doesn’t matter to Django; you can rename it to anything you like.

  • manage.py: A command-line utility that lets you interact with this Django project in various ways. You can read all the details about manage.py in django-admin and manage.py.

  • The inner mysite/ directory is the actual Python package for your project. Its name is the Python package name you’ll need to use to import anything inside it (e.g. mysite.urls).

  • mysite/__init__.py: An empty file that tells Python that this directory should be considered a Python package. If you’re a Python beginner, read more about packages in the official Python docs.

  • mysite/settings.py: Settings/configuration for this Django project. Django settings will tell you all about how settings work.

  • mysite/urls.py: The URL declarations for this Django project; a “table of contents” of your Django-powered site. You can read more about URLs in URL dispatcher.

  • mysite/asgi.py: An entry-point for ASGI-compatible web servers to serve your project. See How to deploy with ASGI for more details.

  • mysite/wsgi.py: An entry-point for WSGI-compatible web servers to serve your project. See How to deploy with WSGI for more details.

运行Django服务​

python manage.py runserver

资料： Django documentation: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/